What Do You Call a Person Who Sells Houses? Real Estate Agent, Realtor, Broker Explained

When you hear someone say they’re looking to buy or sell a home, the professional who steps in is most often called a real estate agent. But the world of property sales is peppered with other titles-realtor, broker, listing agent, buying agent-each with its own nuance. This guide untangles the jargon, shows how the roles differ, and helps you pick the right term whether you’re a consumer, a career‑seeker, or just curious.

Key Takeaways

• "Real estate agent" is the umbrella term for anyone licensed to sell or buy homes.
• "Realtor" is a trademarked membership brand that requires adherence to a code of ethics.
• A "real estate broker" holds a higher‑level license and can run their own firm.
• Listing agents focus on sellers; buying agents represent purchasers.
• Commission, licensing, and daily tasks vary by title, so choose the role that fits your goals.

Core Terminology

Real Estate Agent is a licensed professional who facilitates the sale or purchase of residential properties on behalf of clients. In most U.S. states, agents must complete a pre‑licensing course, pass a state exam, and work under a licensed broker.

Realtor refers specifically to members of the National Association of Realtors (NAR). Realtors pledge to follow the organization's Code of Ethics, which adds an extra layer of consumer protection beyond the basic licensing requirements.

Real Estate Broker is a professional who has earned a broker’s license-typically after gaining experience as an agent. Brokers can operate independently, own a brokerage, and hire other agents.

Listing Agent (or seller’s agent) works primarily for the homeowner, handling tasks like pricing, staging, marketing, and negotiating offers.

Buying Agent (or buyer’s agent) represents the purchaser, searching listings, arranging showings, and safeguarding the buyer’s interests during negotiations.

Licensing, Credentials, and the Commission Model

Real Estate License is issued by the state after completing required education and passing an exam. The license permits the holder to act as an agent under a broker’s supervision.

Commission is the primary compensation structure in residential sales. Agents typically earn 2‑3% of the final sale price, which is split between the listing and buying sides and then further divided with their broker.

The Multiple Listing Service (MLS) is a private database that licensed agents use to share property details. Access to MLS is a key benefit of being a certified agent or realtor.

How to Become a Licensed Property‑Sales Professional

1. Research your state’s pre‑licensing requirements (typically 60‑90 hours of coursework).
2. Enroll in an accredited real‑estate school-online or in‑person options abound.
3. Pass the state exam with a score of at least 70%.
4. Join a brokerage as a new agent; most states mandate that agents work under a broker for the first few years.
5. Optional: Join the National Association of Realtors to earn the Realtor designation and access additional training.
6. Continuing education: most states require 12‑18 credit hours every renewal cycle to keep your license active.

Salary, Earnings, and Career Growth

Because pay is commission‑based, earnings can swing wildly. According to the National Association of Realtors, the median gross income for agents in 2024 was around $60,000, but top performers in hot markets like Los Angeles easily surpass $200,000 annually. Brokers generally earn higher percentages on the agents’ commissions, and many supplement income by offering property management or loan‑originating services.

Comparing the Most Common Titles

Common Misconceptions

Many people think “real estate agent” and “realtor” are interchangeable. In reality, every Realtor is an agent, but not every agent is a Realtor. The distinction matters because the Realtor label guarantees a minimum ethical standard set by NAR.

Another myth is that agents own the houses they sell. Agents act as intermediaries; they earn commission only when a transaction closes. The property remains the seller’s until the deed transfers.

Finally, some consumers assume the highest‑paid title-broker-means better service. While brokers have broader authority, a well‑experienced agent or Realtor often provides more personalized attention, especially in local markets.

Frequently Asked Questions

Whether you call them a real estate agent, a Realtor, or a broker, the person who sells houses is a licensed professional trained to navigate contracts, market trends, and negotiations. Knowing the exact title helps you set expectations, ask the right questions, and choose a partner who matches your needs.